A comparative study of the original articles about the springs in the explanatory literature on the Ma la ya'i mystery / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Introduction@#There is a sutra named “Detail explanatory of Ma la ya'i mystery and the giver everything wanted” (Ma la ya'i dka' 'grel 'dod pa 'jo ba) written by Mi'i nyi ma mthong ba don ldan, a Tibetan, which is considered as one of the undisputed ancient articles of Indian and Tibetan Medicines and to which Mongolian medical researchers in Mongolia and in Inner Mongolia, China haven't paid attention yet, so it is still not included in the scope of medical research work until now. </br>The sutra has an advantage that the place where the spring comes out is written in detail. Therefore, we now should thoroughly analyze the source place and features of the springs in order to convey a clear orderly understanding to future scholars by summarizing the research aligning it with traditional medical theory, and schematically mapping. @*Goal@#To make clearer the scholars' views of the four mountains included in the book “Rsta b’ai rgyud” and its theoretical and other concepts, as well as to analyze and conclude the interrelationships and features of springs in Ma la ya'i mountain. @*Materials and Methods@#In this research, I have studied the theory of Four mountains included in the book “Rsta b’ai rgyud” using the analyzing methods for original and source documents and summarized by the method of analysis and synthesis, as well as chosen the literature named “Detail explanation of Ma la ya'i mystery and the giver everything wanted” by sampling method and shown making sketch for the interrelations and features of springs by Hermeneutic method. @*Results@#As descried by a person named Gyutog yontan mgonpo (Gyutog yontan mgonpo) in terms of Foreign, Domestic and Secret Medicine Palaces, and according to the relevant sutras and mantras that said about them, the springs have the ability to heal diseases with the participation of earth directions, flora and fauna around the mountain and other factors. The sketch was clearly shown for the springs. @*Conclusion@#I believe that the debates about the Medicine Palace are highly dependent on the chronology in which the researchers lived and their own traditional ways. Currently, the five explanatory manuscripts written through XII - XX centuries about Medicine Palaces and Springs in Ma la ya'i Mountain have been found, among which, specially, the section written about the springs in the sutra named “Detail explanatory of Ma la ya'i mystery and the giver everything wanted” is a big thick book that was made at the level of "Great Explanation" in terms of its content. Therefore, I consider that this literature has become a new cognitive valuables added to the modern research resource because the knowledge of springs was presented greatly in depth and detail in this paper work.

Application of "secret room escape" game teaching combined with situational case teaching mode in the teaching of standardized training of neurological nursing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of "secret room escape" game teaching combined with situational cases on the teaching of standardized training of neurological nursing.Methods:A total of 102 nurses who underwent the standardized training in the Department of Neurology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2019 to September 2020 were divided into control group ( n=51) and observation group ( n=51). The control group used situational case teaching, and the observation group used "secret room escape" game teaching combined with situational case teaching. The scores of critical thinking and learning engagement of the two groups were evaluated, and the theoretical assessment scores, clinical comprehensive ability scores and teaching satisfaction of the two groups were compared. SPSS 22.0 was performed for chi-square test and t test. Results:Before teaching, there was no significant difference in the scores and total scores of truth seeking, mind opening, analytical ability, systematic ability, self-confidence of critical thinking, thirst for knowledge and cognitive maturity between the two groups. After teaching, the scores and total scores of the observation group in above aspects were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores and total scores of behavioral engagement, cognitive engagement and emotional engagement between the two groups before teaching; after teaching, the scores and total scores of these aspects in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of theoretical examination [(82.02±3.27) vs. (79.66±3.45)] and clinical comprehensive ability [(83.30±3.54) vs. (80.82±3.73)] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The teaching satisfaction of the observation group was 98.04% (50/51), higher than 82.35% (42/51) of the control group. Conclusion:The "secret room escape" game teaching combined with situational cases can improve the critical thinking ability of standardized training nurses, stimulate them to participate in learning, improve their theoretical examination results and clinical comprehensive ability, and improve their satisfaction with teaching and the recognition rate of teaching effect.

Legal Protection of the Tacit Technology Secret of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the thought and operation of the law to protect the tacit technology secrets of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. METHODS： Through the analysis of the composition， categories and legal attributes of tacit technology secrets of TCM， legal protection methods were sought from the legal perspective. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： In the field of TCM， tacit knowledge， represented by the TCM processing， TCM diagnosis and treatment， is mostly inherited and studied in the form of technology secrets. The tacit technology secrets of TCM have the characteristics of personality dependence and inheritance， the protection of them by law can not be achieved directly through the field of intellectual property rights， but through the protection of the interests of the inheritors. Public law and private law are indispensable to the protection of tacit technology secrets of TCM. Public law should focus on improving the mechanism of technological inheritance and protecting the rights and interests of TCM inheritors. Private law should overcome the risk of infringement by signing contracts and transforming tacit knowledge of TCM.

Evaluation of Hazardous Chemicals with Material Safety Data Sheet and By-products of a Photoresist Used in the Semiconductor-Manufacturing Industry

BACKGROUND: The photolithography process in the semiconductor industry uses various chemicals with little information on their constitution. This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of photoresist (PR) products and their by-products and to compare these constituents with material safety data sheets (MSDSs) and analytical results. METHODS: A total of 51 PRs with 48 MSDSs were collected. Analysis consisted of two parts: First, the constituents of the chemical products were identified and analyzed using MSDS data; second, for verification of the by-products of PR, volatile organic compounds were analyzed. The chemical constituents were categorized according to hazards. RESULTS: Forty-five of 48 products contained trade secrets in amounts ranging from 1 to 65%. A total of 238 ingredients with multiple counting (35 ingredients without multiple counting) were identified in the MSDS data, and 48.7% of ingredients were labeled as trade secrets under the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Act. The concordance rate between the MSDS data and the analytical result was 41.7%. The by-product analysis identified 129 chemicals classified according to Chemical Abstracts Service No., with 17 chemicals that are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic substances. Formaldehyde was found to be released from 12 of 21 products that use novolak resin. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that several PRs contain carcinogens, and some were not specified in the toxicological information in the MSDS. Hazardous chemicals, including benzene and formaldehyde, are released from PRs products as by-products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic management system for chemical compounds and the working environment.

O segredo na clínica da ambiguidade genital: Um estudo de caso / The secret in the clinic of genital ambiguity: A case study / El secreto en la clínica de ambigüedad genital: Un estudio de caso

O artigo apresenta o estatuto do segredo familiar como forma de enfrentamento ao diagnóstico de ambiguidade genital de uma criança. O estudo de caso, realizado a partir da escuta clínica de base psicanalítica, evidenciou a experiência destes pais frente à condição da ambiguidade genital, de forma particular e única. Destaca-se o modo como cada um tenta assimilar o real desta condição genética a partir de um segredo familiar estabelecido entre os pais e o irmão mais velho do paciente.

This article presents the statute of the family secret as a way of confronting the diagnosis of genital ambiguity in a child. The case study, conducted through a psychoanalytic clinical listening, disclosed a unique and particular parental experience in facing their child's genital ambiguity. We highlight individuals' particular attempts to assimilate the reality of this genetic condition through a family secret established between the patient's parents and older brother.

El artículo presenta el estatuto del secreto de familia como forma de enfrentar el diagnóstico de ambigüedad genital del niño. Un estudio de caso desde la escucha clínica psicoanalítica pone de relieve la experiencia de los padres frente a la condición de ambigüedad genital de manera particular y única. Se destaca la forma como cada cual intenta asimilar el real de esta condición genética a partir de un secreto de familia que se establece entre los padres y el hermano mayor del paciente.

La transmisión entre las generaciones: caso Ana / The transmission between the generations. Case Ana

Ana es una adolescente de 14 años que pide que la empiecen a llamar con un nombre diferente al que usaba en la niñez. "quiero descubrir quién soy" dice al inicio del tratamiento. Con el correr de las sesiones fue develándose el protagonismo de la madre en esta cuestión. Ana no sabía que su madre era adoptada. Pero algo de esto empieza a revelarse y Ana logra empezar a ocupar un lugar distinto, al que la cadena generacional y los secretos familiares le imponían.

Ana is a 14 year-old teen who asks to be called by a different name than the one she used in her childhood. "I want to discover who I am" says at the beginning of the treatment. With the passing of the sessions the role of her mother in this issue was revealed. Ana did not know that her mother had been adopted. But something of this begins to evidence and Ana manages to begin to occupy a different place, to which the generational chain and the family secrets imposed to her.

Ana est une adolescente de 14 ans, qui demande que l'on commence à l'appeler avec un prénom différent de celui qu'elle utilisait pendant son enfance. "Je veux découvrir qui je suis" elle dit au debut de la thérapie. Au cours des séances, le rôle important de la mère commençait à se dévoiler. Ana ne savait pas que sa mère était adoptée. Cependant, au fur et à mesure du temps, elle commence à s'en apercevoir. Par la suite, Ana réussit à occuper une place différente à laquelle les ascendants et les secrets de famille lui imposaient.

Current Situation and Consideration of TCM Time-honored Formula and Processing Technology Protection / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving legal protection system of proprietary technology in TCM time-honored enterprises. METHODS:By studying the relevant literatures and data,main type of proprietary technology,formula, legal characteristics of processing technology in TCM time-honored enterprises were analyzed;the protection forms and existing problems of proprietary technology were summarized to put forward countermeasures. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The most important proprietary technology of TCM time-honored brand is formula and TCM processing technology,and legal characteristics of it include practicality,value,confidentiality and teachability. The proprietary technology protection of TCM time-honored brand included various methods such as business secret,patent protection and administrative protection. But,there still are problems such as the incompatibility of patent protection,the conflict between the secret protection and information disclosure,gradually weakened means of administrative protection,weak awareness of legal protection in time-honored brand of TCM. It is suggested to use comprehensive protection means of patent system and business secret,coordinate intellectual property protection and administrative protection,establish proprietary technology protection directories and databases and incentive and constraint mechanism of internal intellectual property rights in enterprises so as to seek effective way to protect proprietary technology of TCM time-honored brand.

Nociones de prestigio y producción del cuerpo temeroso: Reflexiones en torno a la normalización de cuerpos intersexuales / Noções de prestígio e produção do corpo temeroso: Reflexões sobre a normalização dos corpos intersexuais / Prestige notions and production of the fearful body: Reflections about intersexual body's normalization

Resumen El activismo y literatura académica en torno a la intersexualidad, como lugar de problematización política de la identidad, parecen sugerir la necesidad de una labor doble. Por un lado, desplazar la comprensión del cuerpo intersexual a un campo en el que no sea un saber biomédico (fundamentado en la norma heterosexual) el que defina el proceder. Por otro, denunciar la manera en que tecnologías abusivas se instalan sobre el cuerpo intersexual para normalizarlo a través de mutilaciones quirúrgicas y procedimientos hormonales, con tono de obligatoriedad de adecuación a los binarios del sexo. Haciendo eco de estas labores, este artículo sugiere, desde una experiencia de trabajo etnográfico con un grupo de personas intersexuales en Colombia, algunas líneas de problematización sobre la experiencia de normalización del cuerpo intersexual, para reconocer el papel del deseo y la agencia de la persona diagnosticada en la reiteración de órdenes binarios. A partir de la experiencia compartida de personas que han sido nombradas como intersexuales, se problematiza la afirmación de que la normalización sea un ejercicio en el que no estén involucradas múltiples voluntades -incluso la de la persona intervenida-; y se invita a comprender cómo otras técnicas de captura están operando, en un contexto mucho más amplio que, bajo el temor, produce sujetos que pueden disponerse a la normalización. Dichas tecnologías se ubican en el campo abstracto del prestigio social, fuerza integradora que potencia ciertos discursos médicos, que instauran sus arbitrariedades en la producción del cuerpo, todo dentro de una matriz binaria heterosexual.

Resumo O ativismo e a literatura acadêmica em torno da intersexualidade, como um lugar de problematização política da identidade parecem sugerir a necessidade de uma dupla tarefa: por um lado, mudar a compreensão do corpo intersexual para um campo no qual não é um conhecimento biomédico (com base na norma heterossexual) que define o procedimento. Por outro lado, denunciar a forma como as tecnologias abusivas são instaladas no corpo intersexual para normalizá-lo através de mutilações cirúrgicas e procedimentos hormonais, com um tom compulsivo de adaptação aos binários sexuais. Fazendo eco dessas tarefas, este artigo sugere, a partir de uma experiência de trabalho etnográfica com um grupo de pessoas intersexuais na Colômbia, algumas linhas de problematização sobre a experiência de normalização do corpo intersexual, para reconhecer o papel do desejo e da agência da pessoa diagnosticada na repetição de ordens binárias. Com base na experiência compartilhada de pessoas que foram nomeadas como intersex, a afirmação de que a normalização é um exercício no qual múltiplos testamentos estão envolvidos não é problematizada, inclusive a da pessoa interposta, e nos convida a entender como outras técnicas de captura estão operando, em um contexto muito mais amplo do que sob medo, produzindo assuntos que podem ser descartados para a normalização. Essas tecnologias estão localizadas no campo abstrato do prestígio social, uma força integradora que alimenta certos discursos médicos que estabelecem sua arbitrariedade na produção do corpo, tudo dentro de uma matriz binária heterossexual.

Abstract Activism and academic literature about intersexuality as a political subject seems to suggest a double task: On one hand, understanding of the intersexual body that is not defined by a biomedical knowledge based on the heterosexual norm. On the other hand, to report the way in which abusive technologies are settled in the intersexual body to normalize it through surgical mutilations and hormonal procedures, characterized by the obligatory adaptation to the sex binaries. Emphasizing these tasks, this article suggests, from an ethnographic work experience with an intersexual group of people in Colombia, ways to problematize the intersexual body's normalization experience, and to recognize the role of desire and self agency of the diagnosed person in the reiteration of binary orders. Based on the shared experience of people labeled as intersexual, this article problematizes the statement that normalization is an action that doesn't involve multiple agencies, even the one of the diagnosed person, and appeals to comprehend how other capture techniques are working, in a bigger context that, using fear, produces subjects who are able to be normalized. Those technologies are placed in the abstract field of the social prestige, a unifying force that strengthens the arbitrary functioning of some medical discourses over bodies, all under a heterosexual matrix.

Técnicas de reproducción humana asistida heterólogas: el derecho a conocer los orígenes: ¿Legislación versus subjetividad? / Heterologous assisted reproductive techniques: the right to know the origin: Legislation versus subjectivity? / Técnicas de reprodução humana assistida heterólogas: o direito de conhecer as origens: Legislação versus subjetividade?

Las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida, y en particular las heterólogas, plantean una serie de problemas que se ubican en el cruce tripartito de la ciencia, el derecho y la subjetividad. En este artículo investigamos la relación entre la legislación recientemente aprobada en Argentina respecto del anonimato relativo del donante y las respuestas de los usuarios de técnicas heterólogas -en este caso, la ovodonación-, en cuanto al derecho a conocer el origen genético. Analizamos el dilema entre el texto de la ley, que propicia la comunicación del origen genético al nacido mediante dichas técnicas, y los factores subjetivos que gravitan en la decisión de dar a conocer la información o guardar el secreto. En consecuencia, planteamos que la revelación del origen genético constituye una decisión ética que requiere asumir una responsabilidad subjetiva. Para abordar una problemática de tal complejidad ponemos a dialogar los datos relevados por dos estudios empíricos, con aportes teóricos tomados del Derecho, la bioética narrativa, la antropología y el psicoanálisis.

Assisted reproduction techniques, in particular of heterologous type, open a variety of issues in the intersection of science, rights and subjectivity. In this paper we focus on the relation between the recently approved Argentinian legislation and the responses given by users of heterologous techniques -in this case, oocyte donation- with regard to the right to know the genetic origin. We analyse the dilemma between the law, which promotes the communication of the genetic origin to the subject born by such techniques, and the subjective factors that gravitate in the decision either to disclose the information, or keep it as a secret. Consequently, we argue that the disclosure of the genetic origin is an ethical decision, which requires the assumption of subjective responsibility. To deal with such a complex issue, we cross the data obtained in two empirical studies with theoretical contributions from legal studies, narrative bioethics, anthropology and psychoanalysis.

As técnicas de reprodução humana assistida, e em particular as heterólogas, apresentam uma série de problemas que se localizam no cruzamento tripartite da ciência, do direito e da subjetividade. Neste artigo investigamos a relação entre a legislação recentemente aprovada na Argentina a respeito do anonimato relativo ao doador e as respostas dos usuários de técnicas heterólogas -neste caso, a ovodoação-, e quanto ao direito de conhecer a origem genética. Analisamos o dilema entre o texto da lei, que propicia a comunicação da origem genética ao nascido mediante referidas técnicas, e os fatores subjetivos que gravitam na decisão de dar a conhecer a informação ou guardar o segredo. Em consequência, propomos que a revelação da origem genética constitui uma decisão ética que requer assumir uma responsabilidade subjetiva. Para abordar uma problemática de tal complexidade colocamos a dialogar os dados relevados por dois estudos empíricos, com contribuições teóricas tomadas do Direito, da bioética narrativa, da antropologia e da psicanálise.

Analysis of the results of secret investigations on smoking control in health and family planning system in Hubei province for 2015 / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To present the status of smoking control in the Health and Family Planning System in Hubei Province, and to provide scientific basis for smoking control through secret investigations. Methods During the period from July to August in 2015, 168 sanitary Health and Family Planning institutions were chosen by stratified selection to make questionnaires based on Evaluation Standards for Smoke-free Health and Family Planning Institutions issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China. Secret investigations were conducted in 165 sampled institutions and comparisons were made between smoke-free environment establishment as well as execution processes according to the fraction after converting into centesimal system (actual score/reserved portion × 100). Results The overall score for smoking control in Health and Family Planning System of Hubei Province has climbed to 79.29 ± 12.40.compared to that of 2011 has increased, but 1.6 lower than the national comprehensive evaluated score of 2014. The score of the city (82.14 ± 10.51) proved to be higher than that of the province (66.51±19.69) and the county, (75.35±13.40);disease control institutions (84.77± 9.45) enjoyed a higher score that the others with lowest scores in medical institutions (72.80 ± 14.95);Xianning won the highest score (88.52±5.12);Jingmen (69.81±5.16) and Xiaogan (67.92±7.98) proved to be the lowest in their scores. Nine regions in 17 embraced a lowest discrepancy of over 30 scores and the highest discrepancy of 50.94 scores between the highest score and the lowest among different institutions;12.73% (21/165) medical institutions had no publicity materials; 5/17 municipal institutions and 3/10 county level institutions were still found selling cigarettes, with only 46.06%(76/165) institutions reaching the standard of banning smoking in indoor places, 21.21%(35/165) institutions still have indoor smoking in non-working places, 1.82%(3/165) institutions have indoor smoking in working places. Only 18 (32.14%) institutions out of 56 medical institutions investigated have established smoking cessation clinics. Conclusions Banning-smoking work is less optimistic in general for Health and Family Planning System in Hubei Province, especially for substratum health and family planning institutions. All kinds of departments should take drastic measures to guaranttee the establishment of smoking-free environment.

História de um segredo: vicissitudes de uma metamorfose / History of a secret: vicissitudes of a metamorphosis

Partindo da semântica da palavra segredo, o artigo atravessa as dimensões de segredo e de secreto na psicanálise, passa pelo mito de Édipo como triplo enigma fundador e chega, por fim, ao filme-documentário História de um segredo. É através desta narrativa que a autora tece as vicissitudes da metamorfose implicada no complexo interjogo ocultamento/revelação, entrelaçando os paralelos com o processo analítico e seus segredos transfero-contratransferenciais.

Going on to address different dimensions of the secret in psychoanalysis, the paper travels via the myth of Oedipus as the founding tripartite enigma, arriving finally at the documentary film, History of a secret. Through this narrative, the author outlines the vicissitudes of the metamorphosis implicated in the interplay between secrecy and revelation, drawing parallels with the analytical process and its tranferencial and counter-transferential secrets.

Pedra de segredo / The secret of the stone

Pedra de segredo A autora se propõe, utilizando-se do filme A pedra de paciência, a um breve estudo sobre o segredo e sua magnitude psíquica.

The author proposes, by analyzing the movie Stone of Paciente, a brief study on secret and its magnitude in psychic world.

Abjeção e segredo: a fotografia como testemunho e ficção / Abjection and secret: photography as evidence and fiction

Negar a possibilidade de representação visual da Shoah não significará mimetizar a "política do segredo absoluto", preconizada pelo nazismo? Como analisar as fotografias de Abu Ghraib, marcadas pela confluência entre tortura e pornografia? Como abjeção e segredo se encontram nas imagens de uma sexualidade crua encenada por Andres Serrano e Cindy Sherman?

To deny the possibility of Shoah's visual representation will not lead to the emulation of the nazi "politics of absolute secret"? How we can analyze the photographs of Abu Ghraib, whose distinguishing mark is a confluence between torture and pornography? How abjection and secret come together in the images of a naked sexuality simulated by Andres Serrano and Cindy Sherman?

Casulos: sobre os segredos de Judith Scott / Cocoons: about the secrets of Judith Scott

O presente trabalho pretende propor uma reflexão sobre a experiência estética na feitura e na leitura das obras de Judith Scott, artista considerada outsider ou bruta. Seu fazer é marginal. É um fazer livre e anárquico, cujo projeto espontâneo e descompromissado resiste ao assujeitamento normativo. A artista coloca em situação um vivido encoberto ou segredado por fios. Seus objetos demandam um perfazer artístico que supra a completude e a indeterminação suscitadas pela infinita capacidade de mobilização a que essa obra nos desafia. Assim, interpretar o acervo é se implicar nas suas tramas tecidas. O exercício de reflexão solicitado por essa obra é importante instrumento de entendimento não só da experiência estética aludida pelo fazer bruto, mas também do olhar crítico, que nos requisita sobre determinados critérios organizadores de conteúdos dentro de um sistema de artes. As obras de Judith Scott convidam a esse esforço de reflexão.

This paper proposes a reflection about an aesthetic experience in the process of making and the interpretation of the Judith Scott's work. She is an artist considered outsider or brut. Her work is marginal. It's a free and anarchic work, whose spontaneous and disengaged process resist to a normative submission. The artist brings up a life experience through her threads hidden or whispered by wires, that is, kept in secret. Her objects require an artistic making up that meets the completeness and indeterminacy claimed by it, which is able to attend the infinite capacity of mobilization that this work challenges us. Thus, interpreting this collection is engaged with their woven webs. The reflective exercise requested by this work is an important knowledge tool and it does not only allude the aesthetics experience of the outsider artistic work, but also of the critical examination which is required to us about certain criteria that containts inside the art system. The Judith Scott's work invited us to this careful reflection.

O segredo de Macabéa / Macabéa's Secret

A partir do romance de Clarice Lispector, A hora da estrela, o autor tenta estabelecer um paralelo e um diálogo fictício com algumas ideias psicanalíticas, notadamente as ideias de Fábio Herrmann, autor da Teoria dos Campos, e as de Isaías Melsohn, tais como aparecem em seu livro Psicanálise em nova chave. O objetivo é mostrar que o artista, muitas vezes com outras palavras, expressa aquelas ideias na construção de sua obra literária, expressão simbólica de sentimentos e emoções.

Making use of Clarice Lispector novel A hora da estrela, the author tries to establish a parallel and a fictitious dialogue with some psychoanalytical ideas, notedly Fábio Herrmann's ones, author of Theory of the Fields and the ones of Isaías Melsohn the way they appear on his book Psicanálise em nova chave. The aim is to show that the artist, most of the times with another words, expresses those ideas during construction of his literary work, which is simbolic expression of feelings and emotions.

O valor do segredo na religião e na psicanálise / The value of secrecy in religion and psychoanalysis

O objetivo deste estudo é abordar a questão do segredo sob a perspectiva religiosa e a psicanalítica. Em ambos os casos, a promessa de segredo de quem escuta entra como garantia. No entanto, o confronto entre as duas modalidades revela reações antagônicas em relação à resistência à verbalização. No âmbito religioso, o dispositivo da confissão, centrado no mandato de tudo dizer em relação aos pecados, enfoca a revelação, assim, a atenção fixa-se no congelamento da cena proibida, que parece se reafirmar na ficção pulsional. Em relação à regra fundamental, o conteúdo omitido desloca-se para um papel secundário e a atenção se volta para a recusa do analisando à associação livre, o que está, estreitamente, vinculado ao manejo transferencial e, de alguma forma, à lacuna inerente ao sentido da fala e à sua interpretação.

The aim of this study is to address the issue of secrecy under the religious and the psychoanalytic perspective. In both cases, the promise of the listener to keep the secret enters as a guarantee. However, the confrontation between the two modes reveals antagonistic reactions towards the resistance to verbalization. In the religious sphere, the tool of the confession, is centered in the mandate of revealing everything about the sins, focuses on the revelation, thus, the attention is fixed on the freezing of the forbidden scene which seems to reaffirm the instinctual fiction. Regarding the fundamental rule, the omitted content moves to a secondary role and the attention turns to the refusal of the analyzed to free association, which is, closely linked to the transference and management as well as, somehow, to the inherent gap to the sense of speech and its interpretation.

Juan Cham-Bom-Bian: recorrido del "médico chino"desde la Habana hacia Cárdenas. Breves apuntes históricos / Juan Cham-Bom-Bian: itinerary of the"chinese doctor" from the Havana to ward Cárdenas. Brief historical notes

Los orígenes de la medicina tradicional china en Cuba datan de la época colonial, cuyas técnicasfueronintroducidas a través de los inmigrantes chinos. Es muy frecuentelautilización, tanto en el argot popular como médico,delrefrán: "A ese no lo cura ni el médico chino".El origen de esta frase es real, y proviene del poco conocido JuanCham-Bom-Bian. La mayor parte de su estancia en Cuba ocurrió entre la sciudades de La Habana y Cárdenas; enesta última ocurrió su misteriosa muerte. El objetivo de esta investigación histórica es realizar una breve reseña de la vida y obra del enigmático Juan Cham-Bom-Bian: "e lmédico chino" de Cuba. La búsqueda y recopilación de información se realizó a partir de diversas fuentes en artículos de revistas y libros de historia de los siglos XIX yXX, disponibles en el archivo histórico municipal de Cárdenas. La existencia de este singular personaje continúa siendo una incógnita para los historiadores de nuestro tiempo. JuanCham-Bom-Bian constituye uno de los primeros precursores de la medicina tradicional china enCuba.

The origins of the Chinese traditional medicine in Cuba date from the colonial time whose techniques were introduced throughtheChinese immigrants. It is very frequent the use so much in the popular jargonas doctor of the proverb: "to that it doesn't save him neither the Chinese doctor". The origin of this sentence is real, and Cham-Bom-Biáncomes from the not very well-known Juan. Most of their stayin Cuba happened between the cities of Havana and Cárdenas; in Cardenas City happened their mysterious death. The objective of the present historica larticle is tocarry out a brief review of the life and work of the enigmatic JuanCham-Bom-Bián: "the Chinese doctor" of Cuba. The search and summary of information was carried out starting from diverse sourcesof information: articles of magazines and books of history of the available XIX and XX centuries in municipal historical file of Cárdenas City. Their existence continues being a secret for the historians of our time. JuanCham-Bom-Bián was one of the first precursors of the Chinese traditional medicine in Cuba.

THE SYNONYMS AND SECRET NAMES OF SOME MINERAL / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

BackgroundThe goal of this research is to clarify the synonyms of mineral-oriented medicine that were written in the “The Beautiful, Wondrous Eye-Ornament” sutra (Tib: Mdzes mtshar mig rgyan) by Jambaldorj. The text is famous for its fanciful illustrations, including mnemonic trees of Tibetan medical theory, minerals, plants and animals, surgical instruments, and charts of the body. It was written in Tibetan with quadrilingual captions - Tibetan, Mongolian, Manchu, and Chinese - accompanying the materia medica section.MethodsThe research was conducted through the method of original manuscript analysis, listing and sorting mineral oriented medicine, the comparison method and the interpretation of clarifying synonym names by the handwriting and paleographic methods. Both tools are carefully designed not only to provide a high level of accuracy, but also to provide a clean and concise justification of the inferred results.ResultsWe listed all 90 mineral-oriented medicine that were written in “The Beautiful, Wondrous Eye-Ornament” sutra. Jambaldorj divided all mineral raw materials into three groups: Gem medicine, Stone medicine and Earth medicine. The first two groups were divided into melting and un-melting; the last group was divided into artificial and to be self formed subgroups. This classification was similar to the 20th Chapter of “The Explanatory Tantra” in “Four Medical Tantras”.ConclusionThis research suggests that the clarified synonyms of mineral-oriented medicine had a relationship with the external appearance, chemical and physical characteristics, distributions, medicinal taste, capacity and the medicinal usage of minerals.

Second Development Thoughts of Gui-Ling-Ji Based on Development Strategies of Traditional Chinese Medicine Secret Varieties / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Gui-Ling-Ji (GLJ), a classical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is the only existing compound of refining agent after 400-year testing. It is also one of 4 kinds of TCM secret varieties of the first batch after liberation. However, due to the lack of in-depth modern research, the magical effect of GLJ has not been fully understood and the clinical application has also been influenced. This article analyzed the situation and problems of secret varieties and GLJ. Experiences and strategies of the successful redevelopment of secret varieties were re-ferred to. Then, this paper proposed modern research thoughts of GLJ in order to realize the actively protection and the second development of the prescription.

La relatividad del secreto profesional en la medicina legal / The relativity of the professional secret in the forensic medicine

Este estudio tiene como propósito explicar la relatividad del secreto médico y la actuación del médico perito. El secreto profesional médico es un derecho a la intimidad y constituye obligación ineludible para el personal de la salud, los pacientes y peritados, de ahí que todo lo que revelen deba ser guardado para evitar daños a la vida privada de los individuos. Desde el punto de vista ético el secreto médico profesional obliga al perito a no revelar más de lo necesario para el peritaje, así como a no divulgar dicho informe, limitándose a entregarlo solamente a quienes tuvieran derecho a él.

This study aims at explaining the relativity of medical secrecy and the performance of the medical expert. The medical professional secrecy is a right to privacy and it is an unavoidable obligation for the health staff, and assessed patients, hence everything they reveal must be stored to prevent damage to the private life of individuals. From the ethical point of view medical confidentiality forces the expert not to disclose more than necessary for the expertise, as well as not to disclose such report, just limited to be delivered to those who had right to it.